Borbonico of Nicola Zitara "the instituted ordering financial and that fiscal one from the Borbone" (were not adapted) to the development of the wealth in the South. In financial Piemonte viceversa the ordering, than then was extended to the rest of Italy nearly integrally, was most onerous (...) all the ancient taxes was increased, many new was introduced and the price of powders and the tobaccos and the stamped paper had increased, increased the successions, the manimorte, the taxes on the transfers of property, created new taxes on the industries, deductions on the pensions: all it was increased." Not more than a week it makes, reading the Courier of the Evening, me are imbattuto for ennesima the time with the borbonico adjective, obviously used in dispregiativo sense. To use it any was not one, but a publicist considered an expert on the problems of the school. That has carried to probably deduce to me that the word had not been thrown l? for ignorance, but obeying to a disparaging impulse. In fact the adjective has been coined more than a century it makes not as well as in depreciation the Borbone, than by now they had lost the reign, how much in order to manifacture an ideological and cultural alibi to cover of the war cruelties and the political malefatte ones that the toscopadani went completing to the damages of the southern populations. Between the many it means you of which the adjective it has been loaded, one regards inefficiency and the macchinosit? of Public Administration. Draft of a false one in full rule. Indeed worse: the adjective attributes to the Borbone a famous defect of the piemontese administration. When I was boy, prosperosa popolana was in country one that did not make some mystery approximately its trade. It was be a matter of a generous and impulsive person who, second the custom of the time, transformed in a meeting, held on the door of house, the litigi familiar. When bisticciava with the husband, she stuck it, she hunted it of house, and while the poveretto she went away limping, it, from the threshold, urlava to it behind: "Cuckold Cornuto!... Cornuto!...!..." In the same way they make the toscopadani with southern we. Here the relation written in the 1853 from the Giuseppe member of parliament Flour (from private: banker in Turin) in order to make to find to the Chamber of deputies of the Reign of Sardinia (Piemonte, Liguria, Goes them of Aosta, Savoja and Sardinia) the macchinosit? of Public Administration. "the provincial engineer, which she recognizes the opportunity of a new work along a road direction, that covers the province in which exercises its office, of it informs the engineer head and provincial Meaning, than of it they perceive Meaning of the division, which review the thing to the general Company of the Inside, than, or directly, or previa communication to the Ministry of the jobs publics, orders to form the relative plan. This social security is participated to Meaning general and the engineer the head, that they transmit the being necessary dispositions to Meaning of the province and to the engineer who must compile the formal plan of the work. The prepared plan is see again and corrected from the engineer head, and, or for the channel of the Quartermaster general, or directly it comes transmitted to the Company of the Inside which promotes on it the opinion of the permanent Conference of waters, bridges and roads, than it approves of it or it prescribes modifications or variations for the insertion di.le which are the plan newly sent back to the Company of the Inside, and from these, or for the procedure of the Intendancy, or directly transmitted to the author with I invite to conform to the suggestions and the prescription of the same permanent Conference. The plan of the amended author is, for the customary channel, newly transmitted to the permanent Conference, than approving of it it sendes to the general Company of the Inside, which previa authorization of the Ministry inserts the expense in the budget ". We go to Naples and we make to speak a piemontese conqueror, the Cav. Vittorio Bags. These, friend of Cavour, were the director of pay and the cadastre in the Reign of Sardinia. Cavour, very knowing how much was worth the luogotenenti of the king, the same king Vittorio and its generate them from operetta, sent the knight to Naples like man of its confidence, in order to understand as they were orders to you pays and duosiciliani finances. From Naples, Bags long letter to sending sends one. It begins with annotating that it was separated for large the metropoli, than then was Naples, with strong preventions. It remembers to Cavour as it doubted if to accept, or not, and as it had been just Cavour to insist. F. S. Nitti writes, from which I draw the story: "the Bags were general secretary of finances in Naples from the 10 open them to 31 October 1861 and the work its consecrated in a relation, that it constitutes the most important document. "In the 1862 consuntivi (of the piemontese budget) they did not reach that to 1853: the disorder in the esazione of the taxes and expenses was remarkable and lacks still now (is in 1896) many elements of judgment. Instead "the Neapolitan finance, organized from a genius man, the knight Medical, perhaps it was adapted to the economic situation of the country. The entrances were little and large and of easy collection. "Base of all the fiscal ordering was a great land tax. And it was therefore well organized that it represented a true contrast with the Piemonte, dov' was more onerous much and than difficult collection: "the system of perception of the land one? says the knight Bags, in its relation? the first and more important of the resources of the State, incontrastabilmente was sent, simple and sure, perhaps that it was had in Italy. "the State, without to have that meticulous interference to you, than has in France and ancient the Province (Reign to you of Sardena, ndr), where was made even to take part the legislative power in the shipment of the payment warnings, avea assured to fixed periods and very it determines the proceeds to you of I pay, hill more solid guarantees against every imbezzlement for part of the accountants". "Not there was nearly some tax on the movable wealth. Since this was gone forming, the knight Medical and its continuatori aveano thought that there was great danger to hit it with taxes. The avea inner commerce every agevolezza: "the movable wealth, and the commerce in ispecie, (were) free in Naples from every way of direct imposition...". "the taxes the registry and of I brand, most serious in Piemonte, were tenuous much in the Reame of Naples. The ordering of the faiths of credit of the Bank of Naples, mirabilmente simple under this aspect, rendered the recordings useless. "To the mirabile finanziero organism of the Province Neapolitan" it says the cav. Bags, were looked at above all in how much regarded the operation of the Bench. The Bench? it wrote the Bags? it receives the money cash from anyone wants deporvelo, it guards it to its expenses and it gives back it to every demand for placing in equivalent currency. The instituted ordering financial and that fiscal one from the Borbone "(were not adapted) to the development of the wealth in the South. In financial Piemonte viceversa the ordering, than then was extended to the rest of Italy nearly integrally, was most onerous (...) all the ancient taxes was increased, many new was introduced and the price of powders and the tobaccos and the stamped paper makes increased, increased the successions, the manimorte, the taxes on the transfers of property, created new taxes on the industries, deductions on the pensions: all it was increased. "Seeing therefore the differences between the taxes of the Piemonte and Naples enormous, the same general secretary of finances in the 1861 riputava difficult to subject the southern people to pays piemontesi: it had to study long because greeting sacrifizio he completed himself. "Of the financial management, in which the inferior staff he was poor, but the optimal advanced staff, the general secretary for finances... gave to high judgment: he found the Bags less expensive that in Piemonte the fiscal system, admired the semplicit? of means of collection; he praised the treasury system; the direction of the public debit to it seemed therefore that good it wanted "to model the service to you of national the public debit". The companies optimal financial institutions "from the side of the administrative mechanism, very little left to wish from the side of the staff". In a generalized manner in the Neapolitan finance, according to the Bags "many beautiful intelligences were made you to rimarcare. And checch? it wants to dirsi in contrary found men to you of great instruction. Economic sciences, elsewhere generally disowned to the class of employ to you, here generally professate. Easy and ready the concepts, purgata and elegant the language, bore away the writings of the offices from that amalgam of conventional words that elsewhere cram the official correspondences. "In a word, in various coppers of the administration of Neapolitan finances such abilities were found of which it would have been honored every any more illuminated government". In spite of all this, the prosperosa to comare, with in head the elmo of Scipio, while we worry under its farraginose laws, continues urlar us in face: borbonici!... borbonici!... borbonici!